Publication: Monograph: Gao 2008, on Sino-Finnic (50%) and Sino-Germanic (50%).

高晶一 2008: «汉语与北欧语言：汉语与乌拉尔语言及印欧语言同源探究», 北京: 中国社会科学出版社. //Pinyin: gāo jīng yī 2008: «hàn yǔ yǔ bĕi ōu yǔ yán: hàn yǔ yǔ wū lā ĕr yǔ yán jí yì nōu yǔ yán tóng yuán tàn jiū», bĕi jīng: zhōng guó shè huì kē xué chū băn shè. //EN: Gao, Jingyi 2008: Chinese Language and Languages of Northern Europe: Discoveries and Researches of Common Sources of Chinese Language, Uralic Languages and Indo-European Languages. Beijing: China Social Sciences Press. [ISBN 978-7-5004-7077-9]

Main text written in Simplified Chinese and Traditional Chinese (p117–241).

Full DOM method. Etymological units in DOM Chinese.

Selected phonetic data within DOM: Dialect point of Shenyang (Liaodong Mandarin) in author's own transcription (only for sample words). Document point of 1161 (Middle Chinese)  in author's own transcription system (only for sample words) with a mapping chart. Fusion of document points of 601~1161 (Middle Chinese) in Chinese records. Old Chinese in author's own reconstruction-transcription system (only for rhymes) and Zhengzhang's reconstruction-transcription system. Primitive Chinese in author's own reconstruction-transcription system.

Primary DOM target languages: Estonian, Finnish, Danish and Swedish. Secondary target languages: English, German and Hungarian. Occasionally referred target languages: Latin, Greek, Lithuanian, Latvian, Russian, Polish, Serbian, Czech, Slovak, Spanish, Portuguese, Sanskrit and Gothic. European languages in orthographies. Primary etymological references for target languages: EEW, SSA, DEO, SEO. P-FW, P-FP, P-FU and P-U according to UEW. P-G and P-IE according to DEO and Pokorny's IEW.

Results of common etymological units: | Chinese ∩ Estonian | = 581 (202 of them have been claimed as loanwords by those “Comparative Linguists”); | Chinese ∩ Finnish | = 603 (203);| Chinese ∩ Danish | = 691 (167); | Chinese ∩ Swedish | = 685 (158); | Chinese ∩ English | = 577 (132); | Chinese ∩ German | = 559 (83); | Chinese ∩ Hungarian | = 94; | Chinese ∩ Proto-Finnic | = 122; | Chinese ∩ Proto-Finno-Volgaic | = 50; | Chinese ∩ Proto-Finno-Permic | = 28; | Chinese ∩ Proto-Finno-Ugric | = 91; | Chinese ∩ Proto-Uralic | = 72; | Chinese ∩ Scandinavian | = 29; | Chinese ∩ Proto-Germanic | = 458; | Chinese ∩ Proto-Indo-European | = 482 (including some overlaps with Proto-Germanic).

Positions on definitions: Chinese and Uralic languages had common grounds in China in the Neolithic Age. A Far East Germanic language, Gjerma-Djew, contributed a branch flow to Primitive Chinese from western China in the Chalcolithic Age. Sino-Uralic, Indo-European and some other languages had common grounds in Eurasia in the Paleolithic Age.

Forewords written by:

Prof. Zhengzhang Shangfang [鄭張尚芳] (born 1933) Institute of Linguistics, China Social Science Academy (emeritus).

Prof. dr. Feng Zheng [馮蒸] (born 1948) Capital Normal University.

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