Sino-Uralic Affinity of Genetics

Communication Centre for Sino-Uralic and Sino-Germanic Etymology and Affinity Studies

Online Introduction: Sino-Uralic Affinity of Genetics: (For Sino-Uralic Affinity of Linguistics, see Gao 2014.)

The common paternal haplogroup N-M231

(This part is based on the pages 104–108 of Gao 2008.)

The results of the Y chromosome studies indicate a recent common paternal origin of Sino-Uralic nations.

About 58.8% of Finnish (2008L), 30.6% of Estonian (2007R), 37.1% of Karelian (2007R), 56.3% of Vepsian (2007R), 47.2% of Lappish (2004T), 19.3% of Mordvin (2007R), 41.4% of Mari (2004T), 78.0% of Komi (2007R), 85.0% of Udmurt (2007R), 78.0% of Khanty (2007R), 76.0% of Mansi (2008P), 97.3% of Nenets (2002K), 92.1% of Nganasan (2002K) and 6.9% of Selkup (2002K) males belong to the haplogroup N-M231. This group of paternal lineage is believed to be the foundation of the Proto-Uralic nation according to Zerial et al. 1997, Karefet et al. 2002, Gao 2005 and Gao 2008.

A detailed study on the haplogroup N has concluded a Far East origin for it (Rootsi et al. 2007).

Distribution of the haplogroup N-LLY22g in Eurasia (from Rootsi et al. 2007)
Note: The data of Chinese Y chromosomes used for this study were very limited.

About 10% of Han Chinese males belong to the haplogroup N-M231 according to Hammer et al. 2006 and Zhang et al. 2007. There is not yet any detailed study on the haplogroup N within China. The closest scaling is K*-M9 (xM119, M95, M122, M45).

Distribution of the haplogroup K*-M9 (xM119, M95, M122, M45) in China (from Xue et al. 2008)

Gao (2008: 106) has deduced that the distributions of K* in northeast China belong to O-SRY465, while the distributions of K* in central China and western China belong to N-M231. Gao has argued that the distributions of N-M231 are well correlated with the distributions of the Yangshao culture, which is the cradle of the Chinese civilisation. Therefore, the foundation of the Proto-Chinese nation ought to belong to N-M231.

Detailed studies on the haplogroup N-M231 within China or the Han Chinese nation are expected.

Notes:

2002K = Karefet et al. 2002.

2004T = Tambets et al. 2004.

2007R = Rootsi et al. 2007.

2008L = Lappalainen et al. 2008.

2008P = Pimenoff et al. 2008.

Online Introduction: Sino-Uralic Affinity of Genetics:

The common paternal haplogroup N-M231: Confirmation in 2013

(This part is compiled by CCSUSG.)

A recent study (Shi et al. 2013) has been the first detailed study on the haplogroup N within China. It has confirmed the Far East origin, or more exactly the China origin, of the haplogroup N-M231.

Distribution of the haplogroup N-M231 in Eurasia (from Shi et al. 2013)

Proposed prehistoric migration routes of the haplogroup N-M231 in Eurasia (from Shi et al. 2013)

Online Introduction: Sino-Uralic Affinity of Genetics:

European (Caucasoid/White) children of European mothers and Far East (Mongoloid/Yellow) fathers

(This part is compiled by CCSUSG.)

Social experiences indicate that most children of a European mother and a Far East father look totally European (see the examples with photos). It supports that the western Uralic nations (Estonian, Finnish, etc) could turn European very quickly when N-M231 males arrived in these regions and generated the nations with local European females, already some thousands years ago.

(The following public photos of celebrities are collected from the internet.)